¼³Ä¡°¡ °¡´ÉÇϰųª ÀÌ¹Ì ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾ú°Å³ª ¾î¶² ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ¾î´À ¼½¼Ç¿¡ ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¿ì¼± ¼øÀ§°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô µÇ´ÂÁö ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ¼³¸íÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀÎÁö µî¿¡ °üÇؼ ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»¿ëÀ» ½±°Ô ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µµ¿ÍÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ APT ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ÇÁ·ÐÆ®¿£µå ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ µéÀÌ´Ù.
ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀº ¼ø¼öÇÑ APT¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¹è¿ì´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ À̸§À» ¾î¶»°Ô ãÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ³ª?
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÛ¾÷À» À§Çؼ´Â ¼ö¸¹Àº ¸®¼Ò½º°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. apt-cacheºÎÅÍ ½ÃÀÛÇÏÀÚ. ÀÌ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº APT ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼ ÀÌ¿ëµÇ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î APTÀÇ µ¥ÀÌŸ º£À̽º¸¦ À¯ÁöÇϴµ¥ ÀÌ¿ëµÈ´Ù. ´õ¿í´õ À¯¿ëÇÑ ¾îÇø®ÄÉÀ̼ǿ¡ ´ëÇؼ Àá½Ã »ìÆ캼 °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¿¹¸¦ µé¾î Atari 2600¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ½ÍÀº °æ¿ì¿¡ Atari ¿¡¹Ä·¹ÀÌÅ͸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ°í ¸î°³ÀÇ °ÔÀÓÀ» ´Ù¿î·Îµå ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù¸é. ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù:
[root]@[/] # apt-cache search atari atari-fdisk-cross - Partition editor for Atari (running on non-Atari) circuslinux - The clowns are trying to pop balloons to score points! madbomber - A Kaboom! clone tcs - Character set translator. atari800 - Atari emulator for svgalib/X/curses stella - Atari 2600 Emulator for X windows xmess-x - X binaries for Multi-Emulator Super System
¿ì¸®°¡ ã°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â °Í°ú °ü°èµÈ ¸î°³ÀÇ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ °£´ÜÇÑ ¼³¸í°ú ÇÔ²² ã°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù. ƯÁ¤ ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾ò°íÀÚ ÇÏ·Á¸é À̸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù:
[root]@[/] # apt-cache show stella Package: stella Priority: extra Section: non-free/otherosfs Installed-Size: 830 Maintainer: Tom Lear <tom@trap.mtview.ca.us> Architecture: i386 Version: 1.1-2 Depends: libc6 (>= 2.1), libstdc++2.10, xlib6g (>= 3.3.5-1) Filename: dists/potato/non-free/binary-i386/otherosfs/stella_1.1-2.deb Size: 483430 MD5sum: 11b3e86a41a60fa1c4b334dd96c1d4b5 Description: Atari 2600 Emulator for X windows Stella is a portable emulator of the old Atari 2600 video-game console written in C++. You can play most Atari 2600 games with it. The latest news, code and binaries for Stella can be found at: http://www4.ncsu.edu/~bwmott/2600
ÀÌ °á°ú¿¡¼ º¸¸é ¿ì¸®°¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ°íÀÚ Çϰųª ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸¹Àº ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¼³¸í°ú ÇÔ²² ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ³ª¿ÍÀÖ´Ù. ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ÀÌ¹Ì ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾î ÀÖ°í »õ·Î¿î ¹öÁ¯À̶ó¸é ¹«µç ¹öÁ¯¿¡ °üÇÑ Á¤º¸µµ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é:
[root]@[/] # apt-cache show lilo Package: lilo Priority: important Section: base Installed-Size: 271 Maintainer: Russell Coker <russell@coker.com.au> Architecture: i386 Version: 1:21.7-3 Depends: libc6 (>= 2.2.1-2), debconf (>=0.2.26), logrotate Suggests: lilo-doc Conflicts: manpages (<<1.29-3) Filename: pool/main/l/lilo/lilo_21.7-3_i386.deb Size: 143052 MD5sum: 63fe29b5317fe34ed8ec3ae955f8270e Description: LInux LOader - The Classic OS loader can load Linux and others This Package contains lilo (the installer) and boot-record-images to install Linux, OS/2, DOS and generic Boot Sectors of other OSes. . You can use Lilo to manage your Master Boot Record (with a simple text screen) or call Lilo from other Boot-Loaders to jump-start the Linux kernel. Package: lilo Status: install ok installed Priority: important Section: base Installed-Size: 190 Maintainer: Vincent Renardias <vincent@debian.org> Version: 1:21.4.3-2 Depends: libc6 (>= 2.1.2) Recommends: mbr Suggests: lilo-doc Description: LInux LOader - The Classic OS loader can load Linux and others This Package contains lilo (the installer) and boot-record-images to install Linux, OS/2, DOS and generic Boot Sectors of other OSes. . You can use Lilo to manage your Master Boot Record (with a simple text screen) or call Lilo from other Boot-Loaders to jump-start the Linux kernel.
¸®½ºÆ®ÀÇ Ã¹¹ø° ºÎºÐÀº °¡¿ëÇÑ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÏ°í µÎ¹ø°´Â ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ¹öÁ¯ÀÌ´Ù. ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾òÀ¸·Á¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù:
[root]@[/] # apt-cache showpkg penguin-command Package: penguin-command Versions: 1.4.5-1(/var/lib/apt/lists/download.sourceforge.net_debian_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages)(/var/lib/dpkg/status) Reverse Depends: Dependencies: 1.4.5-1 - libc6 (2 2.2.1-2) libpng2 (0 (null)) libsdl-mixer1.1 (2 1.1.0) libsdl1.1 (0 (null)) zlib1g (2 1:1.1.3) Provides: 1.4.5-1 - Reverse Provides:
ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ¾î¶² ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´ÂÁö ãÀ¸·Á¸é:
[root]@[/] # apt-cache depends penguin-command penguin-command Depends: libc6 Depends: libpng2 Depends: libsdl-mixer1.1 Depends: libsdl1.1 Depends: zlib1g
¿ä¾àÇÏ¸é ¿ì¸®°¡ ¿øÇÏ´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö À̸§À» ã´Âµ¥ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â ¹üÀ§ÀÇ µµ±¸¸¦ °®°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù.
ÆÐÅ°Áö À̸§À» Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÁßÀÇ ÇÑ°¡Áö´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö³»¿¡¼ ¹ß°ßµÈ Áß¿äÇÑ ÆÄÀϵéÀÇ À̸§À» ¾Æ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é ÄÄÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Æ¯Á¤ÇÑ ".h" ÆÄÀÏÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ã±â À§Çؼ´Â ´ÙÀ½À» ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù:
[root]@[/] # dpkg -S stdio.h libc6-dev: /usr/include/stdio.h libc6-dev: /usr/include/bits/stdio.h perl: /usr/lib/perl/5.6.0/CORE/nostdio.h
or:
[root]@[/] # dpkg -S /usr/include/stdio.h libc6-dev: /usr/include/stdio.h
¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â À¯¿ëÇÑ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ À̸§À» ã±â À§Çؼ Çϵåµå¶óÀ̺긦 Á¤¸®ÇÒ °èȹÀ̶ó¸é ´ÙÀ½À» ½ÇÇàÇ϶ó:
[root]@[/] # dpkg -l | grep mozilla ii mozilla-browse 0.8-0.1 Mozilla Web Browser
ÀÌ ¸í·ÉÀÇ ¹®Á¦Á¡Àº ÆÐÅ°Áö À̸§ÀÌ "À߸± ¼ö" ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À§ÀÇ ¿¹¿¡¼ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ Á¤È®ÇÑ À̸§Àº mozilla-browserÀÌ´Ù. À̸¦ ¼öÁ¤Çϱâ À§Çؼ´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼³¸íÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇϰųª ±× ÀϺθ¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇؼ Á¤È®ÇÑ À̸§À» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù:
[root]@[/] # apt-cache search "Mozilla Web Browser" mozilla-browser - Mozilla Web Browser
ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÄÄÆÄÀÏ ÇÏ°í Àִµ¥ ¸ØÃç¹ö·È´Ù! ÀÌ´Â ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ .h
ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ¾ø±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. auto-apt
Àº ±×·¯ÇÑ »óȲÀ» ¸·¾ÆÁÙ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÆÐÅ°Áö¶ó¸é ±× ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡Ç϶ó°í ÇÏ°í °úÁ¤À» ¸ØÃß°í ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ¼³Ä¡µÈ
ÈÄ¿¡ °úÁ¤À» °è¼Ó ÁøÇàÇØ ³ª°¥ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÒ ÀÏÀº ´ÙÀ½À» ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù:
auto-apt run command
`command'¶ó´Â °ÍÀº ¾øÀ»Áö ¸ð¸¦ ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ½ÇÇà¸í·ÉÀÌ´Ù:
auto-apt run ./configure
ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÆÐÅ°ÁöµéÀ» ¼³Ä¡Çϵµ·Ï ¿ä±¸ÇÏ°í µû¶ó¼ ÀÚµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î apt-getÀ» È£ÃâÇÑ´Ù. X¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÏ¸é ±×·¡ÇÈ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º°¡ ±âº» ÅؽºÆ® ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ´ëüÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Auto-aptÀº È¿À²ÀûÀ¸·Î ÃÖ½ÅÀ¸·Î µ¥ÀÌŸº£À̽º¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¸í·ÉÀ» ÅëÇؼ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù:auto-apt update, auto-apt updatedb¿Í auto-apt update-local.
ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ°í apt-cache
·Î ã±â°¡ ¾ÈµÇ´Â °æ¿ì ´ÜÁö ÆÄÀÏ
À̸§¸¸ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì°Å³ª ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ¼ÓÇÑ ÆÄÀÏ À̸§¸¸À» ¾Æ´Â °æ¿ì¶ó¸é
apt-file
´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö À̸§À» ¸»ÇØÁÙ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½°ú °¥ÀÌ ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.
$ apt-file search filename
ÀÌ´Â dpkg -S ó·³ µÇÁö¸¸ ÆÄÀÏÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¼³Ä¡µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ÆÐÅ°Áöµµ
º¸¿©Áشٰí ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ÄÄÆÄÀÏ ½Ã¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Â Áö¸¦
¾Ë¾Æº¸´Âµ¥ ÀÌ¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ auto-apt
ÀÌ ÈξÀ ´õ ³ªÀº ±â´ÉÀ»
Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ³»¿ëÀº "on demand" ÆÐÅ°Áö
¼³Ä¡ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý, 5.3¸¦ ÂüÁ¶Ç϶ó.
´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ½ÇÇàÇÏ¿© ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù:
$ apt-file list packagename
apt-file
Àº ¸ðµç ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â DB¿¡ °è¼Ó À¯ÁöÇÏ°Ô ÇØÁØ´Ù.
ÀÌ´Â auto-apt°¡ ÇÏ´Â °Í°ú ºñ½ÁÇÏ°í ÃÖ½ÅÀÇ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ® ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù:
# apt-file update
±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î, apt-file
´Â auto-apt
°¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â µ¿ÀÏÇÑ
DB¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ³»¿ëÀº "on demand"
ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý, 5.3¸¦ ÂüÁ¶Ç϶ó.
¸ðµç ÆÐÅ°Áö´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¹®¼ µð·ºÅ丮(/usr/share/doc/packagename)¿¡ changelog.Debian.gz¶ó´Â ÆÄÀÏÀÌ Àִµ¥ ¸¶Áö¸· ¹öÁ¯ÀÌÈÄ·Î ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ º¯ÈµÈ ³»¿ëÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. zlessÀÇ µµ¿òÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÆÄÀÏÀ» ÀÐÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ ±×¸® ½±Áö´Â ¾Ê°í Àüü ½Ã½ºÅÛ ¾÷±×·¹À̵å ÇÏÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ ¸ðµç ¾÷±×·¹ÀÌµå µÈ changelog¸¦ ã±â ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÛ¾÷À» ÀÚµ¿È ÇØÁÖ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ Àִµ¥ apt-listchanges
À»
ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù. ¿ì¼±Àº apt-listchanges
ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¿ì¼± ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ°í
ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼³Ä¡µ¿¾È Debconf°¡ À̸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇØ ÁÙ°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ¿øÇϴ´ë·Î Áú¹®¿¡
´äÀ» ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.
"Should apt-listchanges be automatically run by apt?"¶ó´Â °ÍÀº ¸Å¿ì À¯¿ëÇѵ¥ ¾÷±×·¹ÀÌµå µ¿¾È apt¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼³Ä¡µÇ´Â °¢ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ º¯È ¸ñ·ÏÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ°Ô ÇØÁֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í °è¼Ó ÁøÇàÇϱâ Àü¿¡ À̸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ°Ô ÇØÁØ´Ù. "Should apt-listchanges prompt for confirmation after displaying changes?"´Â ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ º¯ÈÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» ÀÐÀº ÈÄ¿¡ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ °è¼ÓÇÒ °ÍÀÎÁö¸¦ ¹¯±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. °è¼Ó ¿øÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í Çϸé apt-listchanges¸¦ ¿¡·¯¸¦ apt´Â ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Áß´ÜÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
apt-listchanges°¡ ¼³Ä¡µÈ ÀÌÈÄ¾Ö apt¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ´Ù¿î·Îµå µÇ°Å³ª CD¿¡¼ °¡Áö°í ¿À°Å³ª ¸¶¿îÆ®µÈ µð½ºÅ©¿¡¼ °¡Á®¿ÀÀÚ ¸¶ÀÚ ¼³Ä¡µÇ±â Àü¿¡ ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ º¯ÈµÈ ³»¿ëÀÇ ¸®½ºÆ®¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
APT HOWTO
1.8.2 - 2002³â 11¿ù November 2002kov@debian.org
yooseong@debian.org