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  IPMI SOL(Serial Over LAN, console redirection) ¼ÂÆà ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ : 2014/12/23 18:36
 
  • ±Û¾´ÀÌ : ÁÁÀºÁøÈ£ ( http://coffeenix.net/ )
  • Á¶È¸¼ö : 17344
          [ ÀÌÀüÈ­¸é / ¼öÁ¤ ]   ºñ¹Ð¹øÈ£ :     Àμâ¿ë È­¸é
      Á¦  ¸ñ : IPMI SOL(Serial Over LAN, console redirection) ¼ÂÆÃ
    ÀÛ¼ºÀÚ : ÁÁÀºÁøÈ£(truefeel, http://coffeenix.net/ )
    ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ : 2014.12.4(¸ñ)

    IPMI SOL(Serial Over LAN)À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¸é ¿ø°Ý¿¡¼­ ¼­¹ö ÄܼÖÈ­¸éÀ» º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. SOLÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇϱâ À§Çؼ­´Â 3°¡Áö ¼ÂÆÃÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.

    - IPMI IP¼ÂÆà (IPMI IP ¼ÂÆà ¹æ¹ýÀº 'IPMI ¼ÂÆðú ÀÌ¿ë'À» Âü°íÇÒ °Í)
    - BIOS¿¡¼­ Serial ¼³Á¤
    - ºÎÆ® ·Î´õ ¿É¼Ç º¯°æ

    [ ¿ø°Ý¿¡¼­ IPMI SOLÀ» ÅëÇØ È®ÀÎÇÑ ºÎÆà ȭ¸é ]



    1. BIOS ¼ÂÆà º¯°æ

    Dell ¼­¹ö ±âÁØÀ¸·Î ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ¼­¹öµéµµ RedirectionÇÒ COMÆ÷Æ®¸¦ ÁöÁ¤ÇÏ°í, Baud Rate, Å͹̳ΠŸÀÔ µîÀ» ¼³Á¤Àº ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ¼³Á¤ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

    1) Dell R610°ú R620¼­¹ö (R??0½Ã¸®Áî)

     
    Serial Communication¡¡¡¡¡¡  : On with Console Redirection via COM2
    External Port Address¡¡¡¡¡¡  : Serial Device1=COM1,Serial Device2=COM2
    External Serial Connector : Serial Device1
    Failsafe Baud Rate¡¡¡¡¡¡  : 115200
    Remote Terminal Type¡¡¡¡¡¡  : VT100/VT220
     




    2) Dell 1950¼­¹ö

     
    Serial Communication      : On with Console Redirection via COM2
    External Serial Connector : COM1
    Failsafe Baud Rate        : 115200
    Remote Terminal Type      : VT100/VT220
     





    2. IPMI SOL Á¢¼ÓÇϱâ

    IPMI SOL ¼³Á¤¿¡¼­ Force AuthenticationÀÌ false·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù¸é true·Î ¼³Á¤ÇØÁØ´Ù.

     
    # ipmitool sol info 1
    Set in progress                 : set-complete
    Enabled                         : true
    Force Encryption                : true
    Force Authentication            : false
    ... »ý·« ...

    # ipmitool sol set force-authentication true 1
    # ipmitool sol info 1
    Set in progress                 : set-complete
    Enabled                         : true
    Force Encryption                : true
    Force Authentication            : true
    ... »ý·« ...
     


    - IPMI SOLÀÌ ¼³Á¤µÈ 10.10.20.118 ¼­¹ö¸¦ A ¼­¹ö¶ó°í ÇÏ°í,
    - ÀÌ A¼­¹öÀÇ ÄܼÖÈ­¸éÀ» B¼­¹ö¿¡¼­ º»´Ù°í Çϸé

    B¼­¹ö¿¡¼­ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ IPMI¸í·ÉÀ» ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù.

     
    # ipmitool -I lanplus -H 10.10.20.118 -U root sol activate
    Password:
    [SOL Session operational.  Use ~? for help]
     


    SOL Session operational ¸Þ½ÃÁö°¡ ³ª¿À¸é Á¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î ¿ø°Ý Á¢¼ÓÀÌ µÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾Æ¹«·± Å°µµ ¸ÔÁö ¾Ê°í, È­¸é º¯È­µµ ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ A¼­¹ö¿¡¼­ ¸®ºÎÆÃÀ» Çغ»´Ù. ±×·¯¸é ¸®ºÎÆõǴ ÄܼÖÈ­¸éÀ» B¼­¹ö¿¡¼­ ±×´ë·Î º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, Å°ÀԷµµ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. IPMI SOL Á¢¼ÓÀ» ²÷À¸·Á¸é ~.¸¦ ÀÔ·ÂÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.

    ¸¸¾à 'Info: cannot activate SOL payload without encryption'°°Àº ¿¡·¯°¡ ³ª¿Â´Ù¸é, -C 3 ¿É¼ÇÀ» Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº IPMI SOL Á¢¼ÓÇÒ ¶§ ¾Ë°í¸®ÁòÀ» º¯°æÇÑ´Ù. ¾Ë°í¸®Áò º¯°æ »çÇ×Àº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù. (-vv¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î ¾Ë°í¸®Áò È®ÀÎ °¡´É)

     
    authentication     ¾Ë°í¸®Áò : HMAC-SHA1 -> HMAC-SHA1 (º¯È­¾øÀ½)
    integrity(¹«°á¼º)  ¾Ë°í¸®Áò : None -> HMAC-SHA1-96
    encryption(¾Ïȣȭ) ¾Ë°í¸®Áò : None -> AES-CBC-128
     


    [ IPMI SOL Á¢¼Ó¿ë ÃÊ°£´Ü ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® ipmisol.sh ]
     
    #!/bin/sh

    if [ "$1" = "" ]; then
    ¡¡¡¡¡¡echo "$0 "
    ¡¡¡¡¡¡exit
    fi
    ipmitool -I lanplus -H $1 -U root -P ºñ¹Ð¹øÈ£ sol activate
     



    3. ºÎÆ® ·Î´õ ¼³Á¤

    BIOS ¼³Á¤À¸·Î´Â OS ºÎÆ®·Î´õ È­¸é±îÁö¸¸ ¿ø°Ý¿¡¼­ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. OS ºÎÆà ȭ¸é°ú /dev/console·Î º¸³»Áö´Â °¢Á¾ syslog¸Þ½ÃÁö(syslog ¼³Á¤¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸§)±îÁö º¸·Á¸é, ºÎÆ® ·Î´õ ¼³Á¤ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.

    [ ¿ø°Ý¿¡¼­ IPMI SOLÀ» ÅëÇØ È®ÀÎÇÑ ºÎÆà ȭ¸é ]


    1) Linux¿¡¼­ (CentOS, GRUB ±âÁØ)

    /boot/grub/grub.conf ¿¡ ´ÙÀ½ ¼³Á¤À» Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í, kernel ¶óÀÎ ¸ÇµÚ¿¡ console=ttyS1,115200n8 console=tty1À» Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù. (¿¹ : kernel /vmlinuz-...»ý·«... console=ttyS1,115200n8 console=tty1)

     
    serial --unit=1 --speed=115200 --word=8 --parity=no --stop=1
    terminal --timeout=3 serial console
     


    serial¼³Á¤¿¡¼­ unit= Àº ½Ã¸®¾ó Æ÷Æ® ¹øÈ£¸¦ ÀǹÌÇϸç 0Àº COM1, 1Àº COM2À» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. terminal¼³Á¤¿¡¼­ serial°ú consoleÀ» µ¿½Ã¿¡ Ç¥½ÃµÇ¾î Àִµ¥, 2°³ µð¹ÙÀ̽º ¸ðµÎ¿¡¼­ --timeout=¿¡ ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ ½Ã°£µ¿¾È(second ´ÜÀ§) Å° ¿äûÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù. Å°¸¦ ÀԷ¹޴ µ¿¾È¿¡´Â 'Press any key to continue.' ¸Þ½ÃÁö°¡ º¸À̸鼭 ÀÔ·ÂÀ» ´ë±âÇÑ´Ù. Å°¸¦ ´©¸£¸é Å°¸¦ ´©¸¥ µð¹ÙÀ̽º(serial ¶Ç´Â console)¿¡ ºÎÆ® ·Î´õ ¸Þ´º°¡ ³ª¿À°Ô µÇ°í, ´Ù¸¥ µð¹ÙÀ̽º¿¡´Â ¾Æ¹« °Íµµ ³ª¿ÀÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. Å°¸¦ ´©¸£Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é terminal¿¡ Ç¥½ÃÇÑ ¼ø¼­´ë·Î ¾Õ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â µð¹ÙÀ̽º¿¡ µð½ºÇ÷¹À̵ȴÙ. À§¿¡¼­´Â serial. IPMI SOLÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â °Íº¸´Ù console¿¡¼­ Á÷Á¢ ÀÛ¾÷ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹´Ù¸é console serial·Î ¼ø¼­¸¦ ¹Ù²Ù´Â°Ô À¯¿ëÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

    Dell ¼­¹öÀÇ °æ¿ì BIOS -> Serial Communication -> Redirection After Boot°¡ Enabled(±âº»ÀÌ EnabledÀÓ)·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù¸é, terminal¼³Á¤¿¡¼­ serialÀ» »©´Â°ÍÀÌ ´ë±â½Ã°£ ¾øÀÌ º¸´Ù ºü¸£°Ô ºÎÆÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ÀÌ·¸°Ô »ç¿ëÁß.

    terminal¼³Á¤Àº ºÎÆ®·Î´õ ¸Þ´º¸¦ ¾î´À µð¹ÙÀ̽º¿¡ º¸¿©ÁÙ °ÍÀÎÁö¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ °ÍÀÌÁö, Ä¿³Î ºÎÆà °úÁ¤À» º¸¿©ÁÙ µð¹ÙÀ̽º¿Í´Â ¹«°üÇÏ´Ù. ºÎÆðúÁ¤Àº kernel¶óÀο¡ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ µð¹ÙÀ̽º¿¡ µð½ºÇ÷¹À̵ȴÙ.

    2) Linux Xen Ä¿³Î¿¡¼­ (Xen 3.x, CentOS, GRUB ±âÁØ)

     
    serial --unit=1 --speed=115200 --word=8 --parity=no --stop=1
    terminal --timeout=3 console

    title ...»ý·«...
    ¡¡¡¡¡¡kernel /xen.gz-...»ý·«... com2=115200,8n1 console=com2,vga
    ¡¡¡¡¡¡module /vmlinuz-...»ý·«... console=xvc console=tty1 xencons=xvc
     


    console=xvc ´ë½Å console=xvc0¸¦ ½áµµ ¹«¹æ.

    3) FreeBSD¿¡¼­

    /boot/loader.conf ¿¡ ´ÙÀ½ ¼³Á¤À» Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù. Serial COM2À» IPMI console¿ëÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ comconsole_port="0x2F8"À¸·Î ÁöÁ¤Çß´Ù. ¸¸¾à COM1À̶ó¸é 0x3F8·Î ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. boot_multicons="YES" ¼³Á¤Àº ·ÎÄà Äְܼú ½Ã¸®¾ó ÄÜ¼Ö ¸ðµÎ¿¡ È­¸éÀ» µð½ºÇ÷¹ÀÌÇϵµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. loader.conf ¿É¼Ç¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â /boot/defaults/loader.conf¸¦ Âü°íÇÒ °Í.

     
    #
    boot_multicons="YES"
    console="comconsole vidconsole"
    comconsole_speed=115200
    comconsole_port="0x2F8"
     


    Dell 1950¼­¹öó·³ À§ ¼³Á¤¸¸À¸·Î´Â ¾ÈµÉ °æ¿ì COM1 disableÇÏ°í, COM2´Â enableµÇµµ·Ï ´ÙÀ½ 2ÁÙµµ Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù. (¡Ø FreeBSD 7.x¹öÀüÀº hint.uart. ´ë½Å hint
    .sio. ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ °Í. /boot/device.hints ¿¡¼­ È®ÀÎ °¡´É)

     
    # COM1 disable, COM2 enable
    hint.uart.0.flags="0x00"
    hint.uart.1.flags="0x10"
     


    Dell R610¿¡¼­ loader.conf ¼ÂÆà ÈÄ /var/run/dmesg.boot

     
    uart0: <16550 or compatible> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
    uart1: <16550 or compatible> port 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on acpi0
    uart1: console (115200,n,8,1)
     


    Dell 1950¿¡¼­ loader.conf ¼ÂÆà ÈÄ /var/run/dmesg.boot (hint.uart ¼³Á¤À¸·Î enableµÉ COMÆ÷Æ®°¡ ¹Ù²î¾ú´Ù.)

     
    uart0: <16550 or compatible> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 on acpi0
    uart1: <16550 or compatible> port 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 flags 0x10 on acpi0
    uart1: console (115200,n,8,1)
     



    4. TTY¼³Á¤

    IPMI SOL¿¡¼­ login ÇÁ·ÒÇÁÆ®±îÁö º¸°í ½Í´Ù¸é?

    1) Linux¿¡¼­ (CentOS 5)

    /etc/inittab¿¡ ´ÙÀ½ ¼³Á¤À» Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù. Xen Ä¿³ÎÀ̶ó¸é ttyS1 ´ë½Å xvc0(Xen 3.x) ¶Ç´Â hvc0À» ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.

     
    sol:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -L 115200 ttyS1 vt100
     


    Serial console¿¡¼­ root·Î ·Î±äÇÏ·Á¸é ·Î±äÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. /etc/securetty¿¡ ttyS1¸¦ Ãß°¡ÇØÁÖ¸é µÈ´Ù. Xen Ä¿³ÎÀ̶ó¸é ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ttyS1´ë½Å ÇØ´ç µð¹ÙÀ̽º¸¦ Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù.

     
    Dec  5 18:15:41 cnx login: pam_securetty(login:auth): access denied: tty 'ttyS1' is not secure !
     


    2) Linux¿¡¼­ (CentOS 6)

    /etc/init/ttyS1.conf¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù. agetty ¿É¼Ç°ú /etc/securetty ¼³Á¤Àº À§ CentOS 5¿Í µ¿ÀÏÇÏ´Ù.

     
    # ttyS1 - getty
    #

    start on stopped rc runlevel [2345]
    stop on starting runlevel [S016]

    respawn
    exec /sbin/agetty -L 115200 ttyS1 vt100
     


    3) FreeBSD¿¡¼­

    /etc/ttys¿¡ ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ttyu1 ¼³Á¤(ttyu1 = COM2)À» ÁÖ¼®Ã³¸®ÇÏ°í ´ÙÀ½À» Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù.

     
    ttyu1   "/usr/libexec/getty std.115200" vt100   on  secure
     



    5. °ü·Ã±Û

    * IPMI ¼ÂÆðú ÀÌ¿ë (±Û ÁÁÀºÁøÈ£)
       http://coffeenix.net/board_view.php?bd_code=1765

    * IPMI over LAN(IPMI ³×Æ®¿÷ Á¢¼Ó) Æ®·¯ºí½´Æà (±Û ÁÁÀºÁøÈ£)
       http://coffeenix.net/board_view.php?bd_code=1766

    * Remote Serial Console HOWTO : 4.2. Configure the GRUB boot loader
      http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Remote-Serial-Console-HOWTO/configure-boot-loader-grub.html

    * GRUB Manual : 7 Using GRUB via a serial line
      https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/legacy/Serial-terminal.html
      GRUB Manual : 13.2.14 terminal
      https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/legacy/terminal.html

    * FreeBSD Handbook : 26.6. Setting Up the Serial Console
      https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/serialconsole-setup.html
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